{"id":224,"date":"2014-05-20T03:26:36","date_gmt":"2014-05-20T03:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/?p=224"},"modified":"2015-01-08T00:56:40","modified_gmt":"2015-01-08T00:56:40","slug":"publication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/?p=224","title":{"rendered":"Publication: Web Accessibility Requirements for Massive Open Online Courses. Can MOOCs be really universal and open to anyone?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Appears in: <\/strong>CAFVIR 2014 Proceedings<\/a>
\nPages:<\/strong>\u00a0530-535
\nPublication year:\u00a0<\/strong>2014
\nISBN:\u00a0<\/strong>978-9929-40-497-7
\nConference:\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>Actas del\u00a0V Congreso Internacional sobre Calidad y Accesibilidad de la Formaci\u00f3n Virtual (CAFVIR 2014)<\/em>
\nDates:\u00a0<\/strong>14-15 May
\nLocation: <\/strong>Antigua Guatemala, Guatemala<\/p>\n

Cite<\/h4>\n

Sanchez-Gordon, Sandra; Luj\u00e1n-Mora, Sergio,\u00a0Web Accessibility Requirements for Massive Open Online Courses. Can MOOCs be really universal and open to anyone?<\/a>\u00a0Actas del\u00a0V Congreso Internacional sobre Calidad y Accesibilidad de la Formaci\u00f3n Virtual (CAFVIR 2014)<\/em>, pp.530-535,\u00a0Antigua Guatemala (Guatemala), May 14-16, 2014.\u00a0ISBN:\u00a0978-9929-40-497-7.<\/p>\n

Abstract<\/h4>\n

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with\u00a0Disabilities stresses that persons with disabilities should be able \u00a0to participate fully in all aspects of life, including education. \u00a0Nevertheless, statistics shows than a low percentage of persons with disabilities complete higher education.\u00a0MOOCs, being online courses available to a very large\u00a0number of people, have a great potential to satisfy the learning\u00a0needs of millions of people. When designing a MOOC, it is\u00a0important to consider the diversity of abilities of all potential\u00a0learners. Genuine universality and openness can only be achieved\u00a0if all kind of users can access and use MOOCs to engage in\u00a0learning regardless their abilities.\u00a0This paper proposes two categories of web accessibility\u00a0requirements: for personal and for non-personal disabilities.\u00a0Each category is characterized and a preliminary list of web\u00a0accessibility requirements for each one is presented. Both\u00a0MOOC’s platforms and contents must meet web accessibility\u00a0requirements. If contents are accessible but not the platform, or\u00a0vice versa, the MOOC is not accessible.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/h4>\n

Massive open online courses; web accessibility requirements; universal design; personal disabilities, non-personal
\ndisabilities<\/p>\n

Acknowledgements<\/h4>\n

This work is partially funded by the Prometheus project of the National Secretary of Higher Education, Science and Technology (SENESCYT), Government of Ecuador.<\/p>\n

References<\/h4>\n

[1] UNICEF, \u00abIt\u00b4s about ability. Learning guide on the Convention on the\u00a0Rights of Persons with Disabilities\u00bb, pp.15, 2009. [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.unicef.org\/publications\/files\/Its_About_Ability_Learning_Guide_EN.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[2] United Nations, \u201cDevelopment and Human Rights for All\u201d, 2014.\u00a0[Online] Available: http:\/\/www.un.org\/disabilities\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[3] United Nations, \u201cConvention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Optional Protocol\u201d, pp. 16-18, 2008.<\/p>\n

[4] Molina, R., \u201cHigher education for disabled students\u201d, Research Journal, Vol. 34, No. 70, pp. 95-115, 2010.<\/p>\n

[5] Morales, A., \u201cWhite Paper on University and Disability\u201d, Royal Board on Disability, 2007.<\/p>\n

[6] Gaebel, M. \u201cMOOCs: Massive Open Online Courses\u00bb. European University Association Occasional Papers, 2013.<\/p>\n

[7] Parr, C. \u201cMOOC makes Oxford online dictionary\u201d, Times Higher Education. [Online] Available: http:\/\/goo.gl\/cc3Yiw<\/a><\/p>\n

[8] Else, H., \u201cAppealing to the masses\u201d, Professional Engineering, pp.43-46, 2013.<\/p>\n

[9] World Health Organization, \u201cWord Report on Disability\u201d, 2011. [Online] Available: http:\/\/goo.gl\/1SCrIc<\/a><\/p>\n

[10] Farrelly G., \u201cPractitioner barriers to diffusion and implementation of web accessibility\u201d, Technology and Disability, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 223-232, 2011.<\/p>\n

[11] United Nations, \u201cWorld population prospects: The 2012 revisions\u201d, June 2013. [Online] Available: http:\/\/esa.un.org\/wpp\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[12] Sanchez-Gordon, S., Lujan-Mora, S., \u201cWeb accessibility of MOOCs for elderly students\u201d, International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training, pp.1-6, 2013.<\/p>\n

[13] W3C, \u00abWeaving the Web Berners Lee\u00bb, 1999. [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/People\/Berners-Lee\/Weaving\/glossary.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[14] ISO, \u00abISO 9241-171 Ergonomics of human-system interaction \u2013 Guidance on software accessibility\u00bb, 2012.<\/p>\n

[15] W3C, \u201cWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 2.0\u201d, 2008 [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG20\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[16] World Health Organization, \u00abVisual Impairment and Blindness Fact Sheet\u00bb, 2013. [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs282\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[17] Christensen S., \u00abHow we work to make the web speak\u00bb, Computers in Libraries, Vol. 21, No.9, pp. 30-34, 2001.
\n[18] Prougestaporn, P., \u201cDevelopment of a web accessibility model for visually-impaired students on e-learning\u00bb, International Conference on Educational and Network Technology ICENT, pp. 20-24, 2010.<\/p>\n

[19] World Health Organization, \u00abDeafness and Hearing Loss Fact Sheet\u00bb, 2014. [Online] Available:
\nhttp:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs300\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[20] Hasselbring, T., Williams C., \u00abUse of computer technology to help students with special needs\u00bb, Future of children, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp.102-122, 2000.<\/p>\n

[21] WEBAIM, \u00abCognitive Introduction\u00bb, 2013. [Online] Available: http:\/\/webaim.org\/articles\/cognitive\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Pouncey, I., \u00abWeb accessibility for cognitive disabilities and learning difficulties\u00bb, 2010. [Online] Available: http:\/\/goo.gl\/Ex7nFC<\/a><\/p>\n

[22] CBM, \u201cPsychosocial disabilities\u201d, 2014. [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.cbm.org\/Psychosocial-disabilities-251912.php<\/a><\/p>\n

[23] World Health Organization, \u00abDepression Fact Sheet\u00bb, 2012. [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs369\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[24] World Health Organization, \u00abDementia Fact Sheet\u00bb, 2012. [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs362\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[25] Sanchez-Gordon, S., Lujan-Mora, S., \u201cAccessibility considerations of Massive Online Open Courses as creditable courses in Engineering Programs\u201d, International Conference on Education, Research and Innovation ICERI, pp. 5853-5862, 2013.<\/p>\n

[26] World Bank, \u201cWorld Development Indicators: Internet users\u201d, 2013 [Online] Available:
\nhttp:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/IT.NET.USER.P2<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Appears in: CAFVIR 2014 Proceedings Pages:\u00a0530-535 Publication year:\u00a02014 ISBN:\u00a0978-9929-40-497-7 Conference:\u00a0Actas del\u00a0V Congreso Internacional sobre Calidad y Accesibilidad de la Formaci\u00f3n Virtual (CAFVIR 2014) Dates:\u00a014-15 May […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":142,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/142"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=224"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":249,"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/224\/revisions\/249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/sandrasanchez.blog.epn.edu.ec\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}